The "9" indicates it is the ninth in the series of remotely piloted aircraft systems. The "M" is the DoD designation for multi-role, and "Q" means remotely piloted aircraft system. It is larger and more powerful than the MQ-1 Predator, and is designed to execute time-sensitive targets with persistence and precision, and destroy or disable those targets. Air Force proposed the MQ-9 Reaper system in response to the Department of Defense directive to support initiatives of overseas contingency operations. Remote split operations result in a smaller number of personnel deployed to a forward location, consolidates control of the different flights to stateside locations, and as such, simplifies command and control functions as well as the logistical supply challenges for the weapons system. The primary concept of operations, remote split operations, employs a launch-and-recovery ground control station for take-off and landing operations at the forward operating location, while the crew based in continental United States executes command and control of the remainder of the mission via beyond-line-of-sight links. The modification also adds an extra blade to the propeller and an alcohol-water injection system to improve takeoff performance. This provides for greater on station time and further range.
The MQ-9 has also been modified for extended range operations through the addition of external fuel tanks capable of holding 1,300 lbs of fuel. The PPSL provides over-the-horizon communications for the aircraft and sensors. airfields with clear line-of-sight to the ground data terminal antenna, which provides line-of-sight communications for takeoff and landing. The MQ-9 aircraft operates from standard U.S. The entire system can be transported in the C-130 Hercules or larger aircraft. The remotely piloted aircraft can be disassembled and loaded into a single container for deployment worldwide. The MQ-9 can also employ up to eight laser-guided missiles, Air-to-Ground Missile-114 Hellfire, which possess highly accurate, low-collateral damage, anti-armor and anti-personnel engagement capabilities. The Reaper is also equipped with a synthetic aperture radar. The unit also incorporates a laser rangefinder/designator, which precisely designates targets for employment of laser-guided munitions, such as the Guided Bomb Unit-12 Paveway II. The full-motion video from each of the imaging sensors can be viewed as separate video streams or fused.
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The MTS-B integrates an infrared sensor, color, monochrome daylight TV camera, shortwave infrared camera, laser designator, and laser illuminator. The MQ-9 baseline system carries the Multi-Spectral Targeting System, which has a robust suite of visual sensors for targeting. To meet combatant commanders' requirements, the Reaper delivers tailored capabilities using mission kits containing various weapons and sensor payload combinations. The basic crew consists of a rated pilot to control the aircraft and command the mission, and an enlisted aircrew member to operate sensors and guide weapons. A fully operational system consists of sensor and weapon-equipped aircraft, ground control station, Predator Primary Satellite Link and spare equipment along with operations and maintenance crews for deployed 24-hour missions. The Reaper is part of a remotely piloted aircraft system.
The MQ-9's capabilities make it uniquely qualified to conduct irregular warfare operations in support of combatant commander objectives. Reapers can also perform the following missions and tasks: intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, close air support, combat search and rescue, precision strike, buddy-lase, convoy and raid overwatch, route clearance, target development, and terminal air guidance. Given its significant loiter time, wide-range sensors, multi-mode communications suite, and precision weapons, it provides a unique capability to perform strike, coordination, and reconnaissance against high-value, fleeting, and time-sensitive targets. The Reaper is employed primarily as an intelligence-collection asset and secondarily against dynamic execution targets.
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